The Function of Power poles in the Distribution System and Their Types

The function of power poles in the distribution system and their types might not be widely known. However, these structures are very close to our daily lives as electricity users. In everyday life, we often see power poles standing tall along the streets. Although they may seem ordinary, power poles play an important role in the electrical distribution system.

This article will discuss what power poles are, their functions, and the common types of power poles used.

What Is a Power pole? A power pole is a vertical structure used to support electrical cables above ground. These poles are usually made from materials such as wood, steel, concrete, or composite and are placed at specific intervals to ensure safe and efficient electricity distribution from the power plant to the end consumer.

Power poles are a vital component of the electrical distribution system with many important functions. With various types and components, power poles continue to play a major role in ensuring stable and safe electricity flow to our homes.

Functions of Power poles

1. Supporting Electrical Cables 

The main function of power poles is to support electrical cables to keep them in the air and prevent them from touching the ground or other objects. This ensures a smooth, safe, and uninterrupted flow of electricity.

2. Enhancing Safety 

By keeping electrical cables above ground, power poles help reduce the risk of fires and accidents that might occur from direct contact with electrical cables.

3. Ensuring Stable Electricity Distribution 

Power poles enable stable and efficient electricity distribution from the power plant to homes and commercial buildings.

4. Supporting Other Equipment 

Besides electrical cables, power poles can also support various other distribution equipment, such as transformers, insulators, and lightning arresters.

Types of Power poles

1. Low Voltage Overhead Lines (SUTR)

Low Voltage Overhead Lines (SUTR) are power poles used to distribute electricity to end consumers, such as households and small businesses. The voltage used usually ranges from 220 to 380 volts. Since they are used for short-distance distribution, SUTR poles are often found in urban and rural areas. These poles are relatively shorter and have simpler insulators compared to poles for higher voltages. SUTR is ideal for areas with low electricity demand and facilitates handling disturbances due to their proximity to consumers.

2. Medium Voltage Overhead Lines (SUTM) 

Medium Voltage Overhead Lines (SUTM) are used to distribute electricity from substations to distribution substations. The voltage used ranges from 1 kV to 36 kV. SUTM is often used for electricity distribution in industrial areas and large residential complexes. These poles are taller and equipped with more advanced insulators compared to SUTR. Due to their more complex components, SUTM can distribute electricity over longer distances and are suitable for areas with medium electricity needs.

3. High Voltage Overhead Lines (SUTT) 

High Voltage Overhead Lines (SUTT) are power poles used for long-distance electricity transmission with voltages between 36 kV and 150 kV. SUTT typically connects power plants with main substations. These poles are significantly taller and have stronger structures to withstand high voltages and extreme weather conditions. SUTT is used for long-distance electricity transmission that is more efficient and can reduce energy losses during transmission due to their capacity to carry more electrical energy compared to SUTM.

4. Extra High Voltage Overhead Lines (SUTET) 

Extra High Voltage Overhead Lines (SUTET) are power poles used for electricity transmission with voltages above 150 kV, often reaching 500 kV or more. SUTET serves to connect very large areas and transmit large amounts of electricity from power plants to load centers. SUTET can provide a stable electricity supply for vast areas and is used for very long-distance electricity transmission.

5. High Voltage Direct Current Lines (SUTTAS) 

High Voltage Direct Current Lines (SUTTAS) use direct current (DC) for electricity transmission. This technology is usually used for very long-distance transmission and inter-island or international connections. SUTTAS has advantages in terms of long-distance transmission efficiency and power delivery capacity. With SUTTAS, interregional electricity transmission becomes safer and more stable.

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The function of power poles in the distribution system to our homes undeniably plays an important role. As electricity users who heavily depend on electronic devices in daily activities, we should be aware of the parts of the electricity distribution process, including understanding the importance of power poles. Thus, we can use electricity more wisely for a better future.

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