Understanding the function, operation, and types of contactors in electrical systems is important knowledge about one of the components that plays a vital role in maintaining a stable electrical flow and regulating these complex electrical devices. In the following article, we will comprehensively discuss the function of electrical contactors as well as their operation and basic types in modern electrical systems.

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Function of Contactors

A contactor is a device designed to activate or deactivate an electrical circuit with a high current-carrying capacity. Unlike relays, contactors have the capacity to handle high currents, while relays are typically used for lower currents. One of the advantages of contactors is their ease of installation in the field and their various sizes. These electrical devices are equipped with many contacts, which are usually open and provide power to the load when the contactor coil is activated. Generally, contactors are widely used in controlling electric motors.

There are various types of contactors, each with its own features, capabilities, and applications. Contactors can interrupt currents ranging from a few amperes to thousands of amperes, and handle voltages from 24 VDC to thousands of volts. Their sizes also vary, ranging from small ones to those larger than 1 meter. Contactors are most commonly used for high-current loads, such as electric motors with power ratings exceeding 100 kW and currents exceeding 5000 amperes.

Operation of Contactors

Simply put, the operation of a contactor occurs when an electric current passes through it, stimulating an electromagnet, which then produces a magnetic field to move its core and armature. The normally closed (NC) contacts connect the circuit between the fixed and moving contacts, allowing the current to pass through them to the load. When the current is removed, the coil loses energy, and the circuit opens. The opening and closing of contacts on the contactor happen very quickly.

Types of Contactors

Contactors are a key component in electrical systems used to control electrical currents in various equipment, such as machines, motors, and other electrical devices. Here are some common types of contactors:

1. Power Contactors

Power contactors are generally used as the main contactors in electrical systems. These contactors can handle loads of up to about 600 amperes and are often used in power circuits to control the operation of machines, motors, and other electrical equipment.

2. Auxiliary Contactors

Auxiliary contactors are essentially the same as ordinary relays that handle low power, but they are built like power contactors. When used alongside other contactors, they serve as auxiliary contactors. These contactors are used to connect or disconnect circuits, specifically to control power contactors. Auxiliary contactors usually only have additional contacts and do not have main contacts, and they can handle loads of up to 6 amperes.

3. Mini Contactors

Mini contactors are suitable for use in limited spaces. With the flattest design, mini contactors can also be used in modular applications. Additionally, these contactors have very high flexibility with small dimensions, various coil supplies, and various versions within the model range to handle resistive loads of 20 amperes and motor loads up to 5.5 kW.

4. Vacuum Contactors

Vacuum contactors are suitable for controlling electrical equipment in industrial, service, marine, and other heavy-duty sectors. By using vacuum interruption to break contacts, these contactors can operate in challenging environments. Various applications of vacuum contactors include motor control and protection, transformers, switching systems, and more.

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Contactors are often used to provide central control for large lighting installations, such as office buildings or retail buildings. Additionally, contactors are used as magnetic starters, which are devices designed to supply power to electric motors.

Understanding the function, operation, and types of contactors in electrical systems can help users or electrical technicians, especially in controlling lighting and activating electric motors. As a vital component in electrical systems, the contactor you choose should ensure quality, safety, and reliability to prevent hazards in your electrical system. Choose the best contactors and other comprehensive electrical products at Mitra Cipta Hardi Elektrindo.

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